From ground to above canopy-Bat activity in mature forests is driven by vegetation density and height
Identifieur interne : 000649 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000648; suivant : 000650From ground to above canopy-Bat activity in mature forests is driven by vegetation density and height
Auteurs : Jörg Müller [Allemagne] ; Roland Brandl [Allemagne] ; Johanna Buchner [Allemagne] ; Hans Pretzsch [Allemagne] ; Stefan Seifert [Allemagne] ; Christian Str Tz [Allemagne] ; Michael Veith [Allemagne] ; Brock Fenton [Canada]Source :
- Forest ecology and management [ 0378-1127 ] ; 2013.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
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English descriptors
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Abstract
For several decades, forest managers have considered the effects of logging on the habitat quality of forests for bats. Concern about bat activity above the canopy has now been raised owing to rapidly increasing demands for wind energy and the ensuing placement of wind turbines over forests. We investigated the little-explored vertical stratification of bat activity in forests at ten sites on ten nights using five simultaneous bat-call recorders placed from near ground up to above the canopy. The vegetation-free space at each recorder position was measured with terrestrial laser scanning. We predicted that (1) the activity of Pipistrellus, nyctaloids and the open-habitat foraging guild will increase in mature forests with increasing height above ground, independent of local vegetation density and temperature, and (2) the activity of Myotis and the edge-habitat-foraging guild will decrease with height but increase with local low vegetation density. Our generalized linear mixed model indicated that nyctaloids, Pipistrellus and open-habitat foragers were increasingly active in higher strata, independent of temperature and local vegetation density. Activity of Myotis and Pipistrellus species and the edge-habitat foragers was higher along interior edges of forests. The activity of single species in the above-canopy stratum could be explained well by their Europe-wide wind-turbine risk assessment. Thus, we conclude that open-habitat bat species and Pipistrellus species not only forage regularly in clearings or forest meadows, but also above the canopy of closed mature stands, behaviour that may put them at risk from turbines.
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Canada
- Bavière, District de Giessen, District de Haute-Bavière, District de Haute-Franconie, Hesse (Land)
- Bayreuth, Marbourg, Munich
- Université technique de Munich
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ground to above canopy-Bat activity in mature forests is driven by vegetation density and height</title><author><name sortKey="Muller, Jorg" sort="Muller, Jorg" uniqKey="Muller J" first="Jörg" last="Müller">Jörg Müller</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Bavarian Forest National Park, Freyunger Str. 2</s1><s2>94481 Grafenau</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><wicri:noRegion>94481 Grafenau</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Freyunger Str. 2</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>94481 Grafenau</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Terrestrial Ecology, Technische Universität München Freising</s1><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><wicri:noRegion>Technische Universität München Freising</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Terrestrial Ecology, Technische Universität München Freising</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brandl, Roland" sort="Brandl, Roland" uniqKey="Brandl R" first="Roland" last="Brandl">Roland Brandl</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg</s1><s2>Marburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Giessen</region><settlement type="city">Marbourg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buchner, Johanna" sort="Buchner, Johanna" uniqKey="Buchner J" first="Johanna" last="Buchner">Johanna Buchner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Bavarian Forest National Park, Freyunger Str. 2</s1><s2>94481 Grafenau</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><wicri:noRegion>94481 Grafenau</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Freyunger Str. 2</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>94481 Grafenau</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Biogeography, Trier University</s1><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><wicri:noRegion>Trier University</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Department of Biogeography, Trier University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pretzsch, Hans" sort="Pretzsch, Hans" uniqKey="Pretzsch H" first="Hans" last="Pretzsch">Hans Pretzsch</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technische Universität München</s1><s2>Freising</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><wicri:noRegion>Freising</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université technique de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seifert, Stefan" sort="Seifert, Stefan" uniqKey="Seifert S" first="Stefan" last="Seifert">Stefan Seifert</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technische Universität München</s1><s2>Freising</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><wicri:noRegion>Freising</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université technique de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Str Tz, Christian" sort="Str Tz, Christian" uniqKey="Str Tz C" first="Christian" last="Str Tz">Christian Str Tz</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Büro für ökologische Studien</s1><s2>Bayreuth</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Franconie</region><settlement type="city">Bayreuth</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Veith, Michael" sort="Veith, Michael" uniqKey="Veith M" first="Michael" last="Veith">Michael Veith</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Biogeography, Trier University</s1><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><wicri:noRegion>Trier University</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Department of Biogeography, Trier University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fenton, Brock" sort="Fenton, Brock" uniqKey="Fenton B" first="Brock" last="Fenton">Brock Fenton</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Department of Biology, Western University</s1><s2>London, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>London, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Forest ecology and management</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">For. ecol. manage.</title><idno type="ISSN">0378-1127</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Forest ecology and management</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">For. ecol. manage.</title><idno type="ISSN">0378-1127</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Canopy(vegetation)</term><term>Chiroptera</term><term>Density</term><term>Forest ecology</term><term>Forestry</term><term>Forests</term><term>Guild</term><term>Height</term><term>Laser</term><term>Maturity</term><term>Scanning</term><term>Vegetation</term><term>Wind</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Canopée</term><term>Maturité</term><term>Forêt</term><term>Végétation</term><term>Densité</term><term>Hauteur</term><term>Guilde</term><term>Laser</term><term>Balayage</term><term>Chiroptera</term><term>Vent</term><term>Foresterie</term><term><<>></term><term>Ecologie forestière</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Forêt</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">For several decades, forest managers have considered the effects of logging on the habitat quality of forests for bats. Concern about bat activity above the canopy has now been raised owing to rapidly increasing demands for wind energy and the ensuing placement of wind turbines over forests. We investigated the little-explored vertical stratification of bat activity in forests at ten sites on ten nights using five simultaneous bat-call recorders placed from near ground up to above the canopy. The vegetation-free space at each recorder position was measured with terrestrial laser scanning. We predicted that (1) the activity of Pipistrellus, nyctaloids and the open-habitat foraging guild will increase in mature forests with increasing height above ground, independent of local vegetation density and temperature, and (2) the activity of Myotis and the edge-habitat-foraging guild will decrease with height but increase with local low vegetation density. Our generalized linear mixed model indicated that nyctaloids, Pipistrellus and open-habitat foragers were increasingly active in higher strata, independent of temperature and local vegetation density. Activity of Myotis and Pipistrellus species and the edge-habitat foragers was higher along interior edges of forests. The activity of single species in the above-canopy stratum could be explained well by their Europe-wide wind-turbine risk assessment. Thus, we conclude that open-habitat bat species and Pipistrellus species not only forage regularly in clearings or forest meadows, but also above the canopy of closed mature stands, behaviour that may put them at risk from turbines.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Canada</li></country><region><li>Bavière</li><li>District de Giessen</li><li>District de Haute-Bavière</li><li>District de Haute-Franconie</li><li>Hesse (Land)</li></region><settlement><li>Bayreuth</li><li>Marbourg</li><li>Munich</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université technique de Munich</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Muller, Jorg" sort="Muller, Jorg" uniqKey="Muller J" first="Jörg" last="Müller">Jörg Müller</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Brandl, Roland" sort="Brandl, Roland" uniqKey="Brandl R" first="Roland" last="Brandl">Roland Brandl</name><name sortKey="Buchner, Johanna" sort="Buchner, Johanna" uniqKey="Buchner J" first="Johanna" last="Buchner">Johanna Buchner</name><name sortKey="Buchner, Johanna" sort="Buchner, Johanna" uniqKey="Buchner J" first="Johanna" last="Buchner">Johanna Buchner</name><name sortKey="Muller, Jorg" sort="Muller, Jorg" uniqKey="Muller J" first="Jörg" last="Müller">Jörg Müller</name><name sortKey="Pretzsch, Hans" sort="Pretzsch, Hans" uniqKey="Pretzsch H" first="Hans" last="Pretzsch">Hans Pretzsch</name><name sortKey="Seifert, Stefan" sort="Seifert, Stefan" uniqKey="Seifert S" first="Stefan" last="Seifert">Stefan Seifert</name><name sortKey="Str Tz, Christian" sort="Str Tz, Christian" uniqKey="Str Tz C" first="Christian" last="Str Tz">Christian Str Tz</name><name sortKey="Veith, Michael" sort="Veith, Michael" uniqKey="Veith M" first="Michael" last="Veith">Michael Veith</name></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Fenton, Brock" sort="Fenton, Brock" uniqKey="Fenton B" first="Brock" last="Fenton">Brock Fenton</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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